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This study evaluated a theoretically and empirically based model of the progression of acute neck and back pain to chronic pain and disability, developed from the literature in chronic pain, cognition, and stress and trauma. Clinical information and standardized psychosocial measures of cumulative traumatic events exposure (TLEQ), depressed mood (CES-D), pain (DDS), physical disability (PDI), and...
Information about noxious events in the periphery is conveyed to the spinal cord in A- and C-fibre nociceptive afferents, which have largely distinct electrical and chemical properties and which convey different qualities of the pain signal. Descending control that originates in the different functional columns of the midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) has important roles in the modulation of spinal...
The capacity of music to soothe pain has been used in many traditional forms of medicine. Yet, the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been demonstrated. Here, we examine the possibility that the modulatory effect of music on pain is mediated by the valence (pleasant–unpleasant dimension) of the emotions induced. We report the effects of listening to pleasant and unpleasant music on thermal...
This study examines maladaptive pain-related fear-avoidance and endurance coping in subgroups of patients with chronic back pain. Hypotheses were derived from the avoidance-endurance model of pain [Hasenbring M. Attentional control of pain and the process of chronification. In: Sandkühler J, Bromm B, Gebhart GF, editors. Progress in pain research, vol. 129. New York: Elsevier; 2000. p. 525–34.], which...
Although self-reported measures play a central role in the assessment of pain and its treatment, it has long been recognized that interpretation of these measures is severely limited by the absence of normative data. Despite that, relatively few of the measures used in pain clinics or research studies have normative data for reference. Using a pain centre sample (n=6124), this paper describes the...
Pregabalin has anticonvulsant, antihyperalgesic, and anxiolytic properties. In this study we evaluated the control of pain after perioperative administration of pregabalin 300 or 600mg, compared with diazepam 10mg. Altogether 91 women scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomized to receive diazepam 10mg (D10), pregabalin 150mg (P300) or 300mg (P600) for premedication, and the dose was repeated...
The effects of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) are thought to be mediated by several pharmacological pathways at different levels of the central nervous system. Here, we focus on excitatory glutamatergic transmission in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord with respect to its importance for the nociceptive processing. The effects of 50% N 2 O on electrically evoked and spontaneous...
McNeil and Rainwater’s Fear of Pain Questionnaire III (FPQ-III, 1998) is an empirically derived self-report inventory that assesses fear of three broad categories of pain: Severe, Minor, and Medical Pain. Previous exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggest that the original 3-factor model of the FPQ-III has a poor fit [Osman A, Breitenstein JL, Barrios FX, Gutierrez PM, Kopper BA. The Fear...
In the present study, we combined immunohistochemical experiments with in vivo single unit recordings to examine whether 5-HT 3 receptors are expressed by masticatory (masseter and temporalis) sensory ganglion neurons and to investigate the effects of intramuscular injection of 5-HT on the excitability and mechanical threshold of rat masticatory muscle afferent fibers. The expression of 5-HT...
A substantial body of literature suggests that the experience of both clinical and experimental pain differs among ethnic groups, with African Americans generally reporting greater sensitivity to chronic and experimentally induced pain when compared to non-Hispanic whites. However, no studies to date have examined nociceptive processes that may underlie these differences. The nociceptive flexion reflex...
This paper describes the development and preliminary validation of a self-administered instrument designed to measure parents/caregivers’ responses to children’s pain episodes. For empirical validation purposes, a 60-item inventory was answered by 401 adults whose children’s ages ranged from 6 to 16 years (mean=10.44, and SD=2.25 years). Factor structure and item analyses led to a 37 item inventory...
The exact mechanism of the masseter muscle pain recognized as a prominent symptom in temporomandibular disorders remains unclear, although it is clinically known that excessive muscular contraction causes tenderness in masseter muscles. It has been demonstrated that P2X 3 receptors (P2X 3 Rs) in sensory neurons play a role in pain signaling from the periphery. We determined the role...
We investigated the role of the child’s pain catastrophizing in explaining (1) children’s self-reported tendency to verbally share their pain experience with others and (2) different dimensions of pain expression, as described by the mother and the father, including non-verbal and verbal communicative pain behaviour and protective pain behaviour. Participants were school children, children with chronic...
Temporal filtering of afferent information is an intrinsic component of the processing of numerous types of sensory information. To date, no temporal filtering mechanism has been identified for nociceptive information. The phenomenon of offset analgesia, the disproportionately large decrease in perceived pain following slight decreases in noxious thermal intensity, however, suggests the existence...
We assessed whether intrathecal administration of the uncompetitive and competitive NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and (±)CPP, respectively, could produce differential modulation on chemical and mechanical nociception in normal and monoarthritic rats. In addition, the antinociceptive interaction of ketamine and (±)CPP on monoarthritic pain was also studied using isobolographic analysis. Monoarthritis...
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